-on

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search

English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

  • (Physics) From -on in electron, reinforced by Ancient Greek -ον (-on) ending neuter nouns and adjectives.
  • (Chemistry) From -on in carbon, first applied to boron and then to silicon.

Suffix[edit]

-on

  1. (physics, mathematics and biology) Forming nouns denoting subatomic particles (proton), quanta (photon), molecular units (codon), or substances (interferon).
  2. (biology, genetics) Forming names of things considered as basic or fundamental units, such as codon or recon.
  3. (chemistry) Forming names of noble gases and certain nonmetal elements (such as boron or silicon).

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Cebuano[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • -honafter vowels without glottal stops.

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Philippine *-ən, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ən, from Proto-Austronesian *-ən. Cognate with Ilocano -en and Tagalog -in).

Suffix[edit]

-on (complete gi-, progressive gina-, gi-, contemplative -on, imperative -a)

  1. patient trigger verbal affix, contemplative aspect
    1. non-durative action, an action done unto something/someone without necessarily referencing duration; see Perfective aspect
      Coordinate terms: mo- (non-durative agent trigger), mag- (durative agent trigger), paga- -on (durative patient trigger)
      Kan-on nako ang isda.
      I will eat the fish. (The "fish" is focused)
      Kan-on nakoI will eat it
    2. (with verbs of motion): go to get/do/achieve
      Balikon ka namoWe will come back to you
    3. (with adjectives referring to a state): make something into what the adjective implies
      Pulahon nila ang bungbongThey will make the walls red
    4. (with adjectives referring to manner): do something in such manner
      Ayohon nako pagbuhatI will do it well
    5. (with nouns referring to things that can be used as an instrument to hit something): strike with so-and-so
      Bakyaon nako siyaI will hit him/her with a wooden slipper
  2. forms nouns indicating objects, persons or action expressed by the root
  3. forms demonyms
    Synonyms: -non, -anon, -hon

Derived terms[edit]

Danish[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-on

  1. (organic chemistry) -one

Dutch[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ɔn/
  • (file)

Suffix[edit]

-on

  1. (organic chemistry) -one
  2. (particles) -on

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Finnish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

See -Vn (illative suffix).

Suffix[edit]

-on

  1. Suffix variant for the illative singular, see -Vn.

Anagrams[edit]

French[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Inherited from Old French -on, a blending of Latin -ōnem (accusative singular of , masculine appellative suffix), Frankish *-on (accusative of *-ō, ending of masculine weak declension nouns), Frankish *-in (diminutive suffix), and *-ing (diminutive suffix for animals, via -enc, -enz). Some also descend from the Celtic singulative *-onos, such as mouton.

Suffix[edit]

-on

  1. Forming diminutives of things, including some animals.
    chat (cat) + ‎-on → ‎chaton (kitten)
    ours (bear) + ‎-on → ‎ourson (cub)
  2. Forming augmentatives of things.
    médaille (medal) + ‎-on → ‎médaillon (medallion)
  3. Indicating origin or occupation.
    marmite (cooking pot) + ‎-on → ‎marmiton (pot and pan washer; kitchen porter)
    quartier (quarter) + ‎-on → ‎quarteron (quarter of a pound)
    char (carriage) + ‎-on → ‎charron (wheelwright)
    bûche (log) + ‎-on → ‎bûcheron (lumberjack)
Descendants[edit]
  • English: -oon

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek -ον (-on), neuter of -ος (-os), masculine adjective ending.

Suffix[edit]

-on

  1. (physics and biology) -on
Derived terms[edit]

Gothic[edit]

Romanization[edit]

-ōn

  1. Romanization of -𐍉𐌽

Hungarian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (cf. postpositions)
ed suffix who? what? this that he/she
(it)*
case v. pr. c.
nom. ki mi ez az ő* / -∅
az / -∅
acc. -t / -ot /
-at / -et / -öt
kit mit ezt azt őt* / -∅
azt / -∅
c1
c2
dat. -nak / -nek kinek minek ennek annak neki neki- c
ins. -val / -vel kivel mivel ezzel/
evvel
azzal/
avval
vele c
c-f. -ért kiért miért ezért azért érte c
tra. -vá / -vé kivé mivé ezzé azzá c
ter. -ig meddig eddig addig c
e-f. -ként (kiként) (miként) ekként akként c
e-m. -ul / -ül c
ine. -ban / -ben kiben miben ebben abban benne c
sup. -n/-on/-en/-ön kin min ezen azon rajta (rajta-) c
ade. -nál / -nél kinél minél ennél annál nála c
ill. -ba / -be kibe mibe ebbe abba bele bele- c
sub. -ra / -re kire mire erre arra rá- c
all. -hoz/-hez/-höz kihez mihez ehhez ahhoz hozzá hozzá- c
el. -ból / -ből kiből miből ebből abból belőle c
del. -ról / -ről kiről miről erről arról róla c
abl. -tól / -től kitől mitől ettől attól tőle c
*: Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be
construed likewise. – Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All »

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix[edit]

-on (superessive case suffix)

  1. on
    asztal (table) + ‎-on → ‎asztalon (on [a/the] table)
    Egy váza van az asztalonThere is a vase on the table.
Usage notes[edit]
  • (superessive case suffix) Variants:
    -n is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
    -on is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -en is added to unrounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -ön is added to rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant

See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix[edit]

-on

  1. (verb-forming suffix) Added to a stem ― often an onomatopoeia ― to form a verb, normally expressing an instantaneous action.
    oson (to sneak) (the instantaneous element is not present here)
Usage notes[edit]
  • (verb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -on is added to some back-vowel words
    -an is added to back-vowel words
    -en is added to front-vowel words
Conjugation[edit]
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix[edit]

-on

  1. (deadjectival adverb-forming suffix) Added to an adjective to create an adverb.
    vak (blind) + ‎-on → ‎vakon (blindly)
    gazdagon (rich) + ‎-on → ‎gazdagon (abundantly, copiously)
Usage notes[edit]
  • (adverb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -n is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
    -an is added to most back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -on is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -en is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant, as well as some front-vowel words ending in a vowel (see above).
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 4[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix[edit]

-on

  1. (chiefly dialectal or archaic, personal suffix) Forms the indefinite third-person singular suffix (currently only in the imperative mood as part of -jon, formerly also occurring in the indicative).
    ad (to give)adjon (he/she/it should give)
    van (to be)vagyon (he/she/it is, there is) (in the standard language: van)
Usage notes[edit]
  • (archaic personal suffix) Variants:
    -n is added to certain irregular stems
    -on is added to back-vowel words
    -en is added to unrounded front-vowel words
    -ön is added to rounded front-vowel words

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Mohawk[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-on

  1. forms perfective aspect, which require patient pronouns

References[edit]

  • Nora Deering; Helga H. Delisle (1976) Mohawk: A teaching grammar (preliminary version), Quebec: Manitou College, page 371-372

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Etymology[edit]

A new formation from words such as ion (ion), from Ancient Greek -ου (-ou), neuter of -ος (-os), from Proto-Indo-European *-os (creates nouns from verb stems).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-on (definite singular neuter -onet, indefinite plural -on or -oner, definite plural -onene or -ona)

  1. (physics, mathematics and biology) Used to form nouns denoting subatomic particles, quanta, molecular units, or substances; -on
    proton, elektron, nøytron, boson, gluonproton, electron, neutron, boson, gluon
  2. (chemistry, biology, genetics) Used to form nouns denoting certain organic compounds; -one, -on
    aceton, testosteron, kodonacetone, testosterone, codone

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-on (definite singular neuter -onet or definite singular masculine -onen, indefinite plural -on or -oner, definite plural -onene or -ona)

  1. (chemistry) Used to form nouns denoting chemical substances and industrial products; -on
    radon, orlon, rayonradon, orlon, rayon

References[edit]

  • “-on” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Old Saxon[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *-ōną.

Suffix[edit]

-on

  1. (verbal suffix) used to form the infinitive of class 2 weak verbs (an alternative ending -oian is sometimes found instead of -on)
    makon "to make"
    haton "to hate"

Conjugation[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Middle Low German: -en
    • Low German: -en

Polish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-on m inan or m pers

  1. forms masculine nouns
    kuć + ‎-on → ‎kujon

Declension[edit]

Inanimate delcension:

Animate delcension:

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • -on in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Spanish[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-on m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ones)

  1. Obsolete spelling of -ón

Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Most likely originally from smultron (wild strawberry) and nypon (rosehip) and then extended to other borrowed words with an original -a suffix. Probably originally a plural suffix cognate to Gothic -𐍉𐌽𐌰 (-ōna) in e.g. 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉𐌽𐌰 (augōna, eyes), compare Swedish ögon.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-on n

  1. Used in many names of berries and some fruits.

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ -on in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Anagrams[edit]

Welsh[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-on

  1. Pluralisation suffix
    Synonyms: -aid, -aint, -au, -ed, -edd, -en, -i, -iadau, -iaid, -iau, -ion, -od, -oedd, -ydd, -yr, -ys
    meddyg (doctor) + ‎-on → ‎meddygon (doctors)
    lleidr (thief) + ‎-on → ‎lladron (lladron)
    athro ((male) teacher) + ‎-on → ‎athrawon (athrawon)

Etymology 2[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-on

  1. (colloquial) verb suffix for the first-person plural preterite
  2. (colloquial) verb suffix for the third-person plural preterite

Etymology 3[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-on

  1. Noun suffix
    aur (gold) + ‎-on → ‎euron (laburnum)
    gŵr (man) + ‎-on → ‎gwron (hero)
    hin (weather) + ‎-on → ‎hinon (fair weather)
Derived terms[edit]